The calf muscles are the second driver of the blood after the heart. This ‘second heart’, comprised of three separate muscles - the triceps surae, the gastrocnemius, and the soleus muscle – is the most important muscle in running.

The gastrocnemius muscle is used when moving the knee joint and is also involved when lifting the toes upward. The soleus stabilizes the ankle, joining in
the action whenever movement takes place in the ankles. Both muscles are essential in running.

When pressure is applied to the calves and ankles, pumping action occurs, promoting blood circulation. Massage is recommended to help these muscles recover from fatigue after running.